Social Change Research Paper Essay Example

Social Change Research Paper Essay Social change brings lasting transformation of the social organization or cultivation (in the sociological sense) of a company. In free sample social change research papers you may find the following definitions: Social change (or societal) is â€Å"any observable change over time, affecting, in a manner that is not a temporary or ephemeral, structure or function of the social organization of a particular community and changes the its history.† The course of the history of the company is affected by these changes with, for example, the development of individualism, changes in social relationships, respect any established hierarchies, etc. The structural components of social organization that can deal with changes, for example, the structure of the labor force (by sector of activity, by occupation, etc.), the importance of urbanization, etc. The elements of the functioning of social organization that may change and bring about social change are, for example, rules that allow society to organize (in the family, businesses, a school , etc.), the nature of socialization and social control (more or less imperative) forms of social regulation (trading markets, big or small), etc. Are there links between development and social change? Yes †¦ by definition (see definition of development): the development process is accompanied by social change. Are there links between growth and social change? Yes, there are. Examples. First, growth is accompanied by a change in the nature of production, so the living (compared to the nature and technological progress, urbanization) and therefore of social control, labor (separation of the place work and place of family life), so the social structure and forms of collective identification (working class, etc.). Then social change promotes growth by destroying social barriers to growth. Urbanization promotes individualism, the pursuit of material well-being, which leads to the improvement of the productive activity and thus production methods. Similarly, the enhancement of entrepreneurship, technical progress, innovation promotes growth. An event, a news item, does not constitute a social fact (it may sometimes be representative); S imilarly, changes that may appear important, must be put into perspective: for example, urbanization has been a significant social change in developed countries, â€Å"suburbanization† has not produced and will not produce the same changes! We will write a custom essay sample on Social Change Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Change Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Change Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We distinguish exogenous factors (such as technical or economic reasons, demographic reasons, the emergence of new values) and endogenous factors (role of social conflicts, deepening an existing value as the tendency to equality) in explanation of social change. The consequences of industrialization but also the consequences of population growth that diversifies social relationships, and makes more interdependent and complementary the individuals. Weber focuses on the emergence of new values (born Protestantism: material success is a sign of the election, not everybody does not go to heaven contrary to what the song says!!) Influencing individuals looking for perfection in economic activities (hence savings, investment and economic growth). Use free example social change research papers to learn better the main aspects of the topic. Are you looking for a top-notch custom research paper about Social Change? Is confidentiality as important to you as the high quality of the product? Try our writing service at EssayLib.com! We can offer you professional assistance at affordable rates. Our experienced PhD and Master’s writers are ready to take into account your smallest demands. We guarantee you 100% authenticity of your paper and assure you of dead on time delivery. Proceed with the order form:

Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Essays

Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Essays Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Paper Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Paper Jamestown was the first successful English colony established in 1607 in Virginia, where the Roanoke settlers had disappeared. After King James I gave the Virginia Company of London its grant, three ships were sent out and sailed into Chesapeake Bay. The settlers named the peninsula after the king, Jamestown, but made poor judgment by settling in low and swampy land. The colony was weakened by disease, raids, and internal political conflicts. It was saved however by the remarkable Captain John Smith, who stopped the settlers’ quarrels with his boldness and worldly knowledge and experience. He also traded for corn with the Indians by keeping a peaceful relationship with them. Although the settlers were dying at a rapid rate, the Virginia Company kept sending new recruits and supplies. However, when Captain Smith was injured by an explosion, he was forced to return to England, leaving the colony weak and unable to feed itself. The colony became self-supporting when it started producing tobacco, which was not only liked but was also recommended by doctors to cure any disease. In 1612, John Rolfe began to grow a certain type of tobacco in Jamestown that the English were especially fond of. The tobacco was thus termed Brown Gold because it provided Virginia with a stable economic base. In 1617, the headright system was used to solve labor shortages due to the initiation of Brown Gold. The colonists were given two headrights of land each, and one for each time they paid for the passage of another immigrant. The headright system thus increased the division between the wealthy landowners and the poor laborers. The system was the first to create a social hierarchy in Virginia.

Social Media - Difference between traditional measures of success Assignment

Social Media - Difference between traditional measures of success - Assignment Example Social media measures allow businesses to know how viral a product is within a given market. A tool that Zappos could use to measure social media success is NPS (Net Promoter Scores). NPS notes how probable users are to suggest a product to peers and family members. With NPS, Zappos can catch both the customer service element of social and potential for making their services and products go viral (Gibs, 2015). Currently, Zappos has a very high NPS because of its popular customer service. The exceptionality of NPS and the capacity to access it from numerous consolidated research works makes it a strong alternative for social media labeling analytics. Zappos can also use ABM (Agent-Based Modelling) since it has already established excellent customer service (Gibs, 2015). Customer service always requires internet connectivity between Zappos and its customers. However, with ABM, Zappos can monitor and measure their customers’ behavior while offline. Monitoring marketing and branding includes questioning a business’ ability to keep on developing and innovating. For example, monitoring oversees an enterprise’s ability to introduce new commodities in the market, increase product value for customers, and better operating competences (Gibs, 2015). On the other hand, measuring includes determining brand favorability and devotion by customers instead of net sales evaluated through appraisals. For instance, controlled experimentation determines contributions of social media to customer relationship and loyalty, which enables the brand to identify efficiencies and correct errors more

The Long Arm Statute Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Long Arm Statute - Essay Example Jurisdiction over a defendant who is out-of-state is often known as extraterritorial personal jurisdiction or personam jurisdiction which permits a court to exert jurisdiction upon an individual. It is always an important requirement for a given court to listen to the merits of claims alleged. Going by the history, a given state had the capability of exercising its jurisdiction within its territorial limits. For that reason, a defendant who is nonresident was brought to court when the delivery of writ or summons (service of process) was settled while the defendant in question was within the state boundaries (Parness 486). In Adamson’s case, he lives in Idaho with his children who happened to have made an order of Makers Mark from Kentucky. Can Adamson serve the company with a â€Å"long arm service of process† and bring the case back to Idaho for court action? Adamson can serve the company with the long arm service of process so that the case can be taken back to Idaho. However, Kentucky would be ideal for handling the cases despite the fact that Adamson’s family hailed from Idaho, and had minimal contact with the forum state. In this case, Makers Mark was searched through the Internet and for that reason; there was ‘certain minimum contacts’ during the process.... However, Idaho is ideal for the hearing of the case as the defendants hail from the state and would be better placed to access the courts as opposed to going all the way to Kentucky. The best state for forum and review of the case would be Kentucky though with minimum contact, is the place to follow up the case as the transaction was done within the state. The fact that there was certain minimum contact was enough a reason to adopt the in Kentucky (Adams). Which state law from the two states should the Judge use? The judge will use the Kentucky state law which states that: A court may exert personal jurisdiction upon a person acting directly or through an agent as to claims emanating from the person’s conducting any business in this Commonwealth. The â€Å"person† in this case refers to an individual, administrator, his executor, any personal representative, partnership, association, corporation, or any other commercial or legal entity, who happens to be a non resident of the state (Parness 487). In this case Adamson is not the person that committed the act, but his children who acted as his representatives. They made the transaction on his behalf and are liable for legal action within Kentucky state statutes and laws. Explain the written law and your reasons. Analyze the written law in relation to this case, explain current case law and reach a conclusion as a judge Because the person (Adamson’s representatives) made an Internet search, this means that there was, in deed, certain minimum contact with the state. Secondly, the person also made calls and enquires and would later manage to convince the company through calls and fax that they were of the right age to make the transaction. The defendant has breached the Kentucky statute by

Ethical behavior in workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical behavior in workplace - Essay Example Till recently I was working for a fast food joint. One day, I was really shocked at the way my manager behaved towards a new recruit, an Afro American youth, who was eager to serve the customer. He had not only rebuked the young boy for showing unnecessary enthusiasm but was also quite vocal in showing his racial prejudice by denying him his right to serve customers. I believe that if diversity within workforce is present, there is absolutely no place for racial discriminations. Workplace environment must constantly encourage ethical practices. It is imperative that managerial leadership must display high standard of code of conduct because they are people who are capable of motivating other for optimal work performance. Indeed, the leaders, through self example and having exemplary traits like tolerance, cross cultural understanding and empathetic attitude hugely create an encouraging work environment. They also promote positive relationship that reflects in improved productivity an d good will of the organization. I was offended by the whole episode and reacted by pointing out that the manager was not only violating work ethics but that his act can be justifiably construed as racial discrimination. As a junior manager, my comments were not well received but atleast the young man was allowed to serve new customers. I was given a negative entry in my employee logbook.

Globalization Impact on Chinese Culture

Globalization Impact on Chinese Culture Globalization is an irresistible trend in the progress of society. From the introduction of the concept of globalization and widespread use among mainstream press, the lives of most people in the world are affected by the impact of globalization. Globalization can be regarded as a process which is essentially multifaceted and intimately related to free trade, technological innovation and information communication, demographic change linked to the development of global societies, socio-cultural, economic, and ideological convergence (Thomas, 2005, p. 138). In recent years, the impact of globalization is more obviously reflected in the exchange of goods, technology, and culture. Although globalization recedes the constraints of geography on economic, political and cultural arrangement (Water, 2001, p.5), integration and confliction still company in the process of globalization due to the diversity of values and ideologies hold by people from different countries. Generally speaking, glo balization brings positive and negative impact on peoples daily lives, which is not only changing the living styles, but also challenging traditional culture values of a nation. Global culture inevitably uniforms and standardizes peoples day to day lives. As Waters suggests that there will be a single society and culture occupying the whole planet in a globalized world (Waters, 2001, p.5). It is believed that the global marketing of artifacts is not only to maximize profits, but also to disseminate and reinforce culture influence of an economic power (Oliver, 2005, p.10). There are many phenomena can be observed as the influence of global culture. English is used as a dominant language in global communication, commodities of famous brands such as Coca Cola, Nike, and Adidas are sold in shops around the world, fast foods like KFC and McDonalds become popular among young people, and Internet transfers the whole world into a village. According to Thomas (2005, p. 143) socio-cultural dimension to globalization involves changes in attitudes to cultural and religious beliefs. Thus, it is likely that the uniformity and standardization of global culture leads to a p otential danger of challenging identities of a nation. China receives challenges and opportunities through globalization, which has a great impact on Chinas economy and culture. After carrying out the reform and opening up policy in 1978, China gradually involved in the flood of global market. During over thirty years development in the global market, China achieves significant accomplishments in the aspects of economy, international competitiveness, and the improvement of peoples lives. According to the speech at the meeting marking the 30th anniversary of reform and opening up in the year 2008 by Chairman Hu Jintao, the total import and export of China raised from $20.6 billion to $2.17 trillion during the period from 1978 to 2007, which ranked the third in the world and became the No.1 country in terms of foreign reserves, and the paid-up overseas investment amounted to nearly $1 trillion. Therefore, it is obvious that globalization and international cooperation speed up Chinas economic development while contributing a lot to the worl d economy. As to the culture aspect, Chinese traditional culture is inescapably affected by global culture. In the process of globalization, western world takes dominant position in advanced technology and economic system, therefore, the global culture is mainly composed by the western culture, which is characterized by free markets, consumerism and individualism (Arnett, 2002, p.777). In contrast, countries such as China and Japan have tradition of collectivistic values (Natio Gielen, in press; White, 1993 cited in Arnett, 2002, p.776). When traditional Chinese values meet global culture under the circumstance of globalization, there will be some extent of conflicts and integrations, which will generate the crisis on the issue of identity. Identity crisis can be regarded as a new phenomenon brought by globalization. In the following essay, it will critically analyze the issue of identity among some Chinese young people under the influence of globalization and global culture. Chinese culture also has reaction on global culture. In recent years, China is making an effort to introduce its traditional cultures and values to the world and laying some extent of influence on the global culture. By the end of 2009, there have been 282 Confucius institutes and 272 Confucius Classrooms established in 88 countries, and the Confucius Institutes/Classrooms adopt suitable teaching styles to teach Chinese language as well as promoting Chinese cultures (http://english.hanban.org/node_10971.htm). Chinese cultures and values are gradually recognized by western society, which is a consequence of cross-cultural communication in globalization. Byram (1989) suggests that Culture is knowledge which is shared and negotiated between people, belonging to all of them and not being idiosyncratic to any single one. It is necessary to develop an understanding and appreciation of other cultures meanwhile critically thinking about ones own culture and other cultures (Byram, 1996, p.25) . The following essay will mainly focus on two aspects, the impact of globalization on Chinese culture and the reaction of Chinese culture to the world. In the first section, it will critically analyze the issue of identity among Chinese young people, how it is formed, affected and reinforced through the global culture brought by globalization, and the efforts by government and schools to strength students notion of identity. In the second section, it will discuss the intercultural communication and culture exchange between nations in the world under the circumstance of globalization, and illustrate the importance of intercultural competence in globalization. Section One: The Challenge of Chinese Culture on the Aspect of Identity Issue under the Affection of Globalization As discussed above, the identity issue of Chinese young people can be regarded as a consequence of globalization and global culture imposes influence on Chinese traditional cultures and values. In order to demonstrate this, this section will firstly focus on the concept of identity and Chinese identity in order to present a framework of the identity issue. Secondly, it will critically analyze the identity crisis of Chinese young people through the process of globalization. Thirdly, in this section, it will suggest that the conscious of globalization and cross-cultural communication should be introduced into education though various challenges and problems may company through the process. 1. The concepts of identity and the formation of Chinese young peoples identity 1.1 The concepts of identity There are many forms of identities in academic field, but this assignment will mainly focus on three kinds of identities, which are national identity, cultural identity, and social identity respectively. As to national identity, different researchers suggest various models. Smith (1991) proposes a Western civic model, which focused on territory and the idea of patria (Smith, 1991, p.10), and a non-Western ethnic model, which emphases on descent and blood tie. However, Kellas claims that ethnic, social an official nationalism are more important than geographical boundaries (Kellas, 1991, cited in Parmenter, 1997, p.24). It is obvious that the definition of national identity is based on some common ideas such as shared territory, shared culture and community for group, and recognition, acceptance and sense of belonging for the individual (Parmenter, 1997, p.26). Compared with Ting-Toomey and Chungs definition of cultural identity (2005, p.93), which emphasizes the emotional significance of belonging to a larger culture, Brock and Tulasiewiczs definition is more precise and recapitulative. Brock and Tulasiewicz indicate that cultural identity is a world view, constructed and developed by the individual in interaction with others (Parmenter, 1997, p.27). The elements such as language and religious help to shape cultural identity but these are not the determinate factors. The relationship between national identity and cultural identity implied by Parmenter (1997, p.27) is that national identity is constructed on the basis of cultural identity and involves particular political ideas, attitudes, values and practice in the cultural identity. The form and development of national and cultural identity can be analyzed by the secondary socialization theory. School education and curriculum such as language and history offer a chance to nurture national and majority cultural identities (Tate, 1994, cited in Parmenter, 1997, p.35). According to Berger and Luckmanns secondary socialization theory (1966), the assimilation of primary knowledge mush through pedagogic techniques. The education process works as a pedagogic technique, which is strengthen the concept of individuals fist notion, in other words, is to reinforce the concepts of national and cultural identity. Social identity is stemmed from individuals group memberships and social comparison, as to establish self-esteem of individuals which based on the status of the group (Tajfel, 1981, p. 277). The concept of social identity shows the behavior of individuals when they act as a member of a group, and the feelings of being a member of a group. According to Tajfel (1978, 1981, cited in Ward, 2001, p. 103), the social identity mainly includes three features, which are self concept, awareness of membership in a group, and evaluative and emotional significance. These three features work as major element of defining social identity. It is also demonstrated by Tajfel that intergroup bias is irresistible consequence of social identification (Ward, 2001, p.104). Individuals seek status and self-esteem in their own group and judge it as superior than the other groups, which not only leads to prejudice on out-group people and in-group people, but also generates confliction and competition between g roups. 1.2 The formation of Chinese young peoples identity The formation of Chinese national identity can be tract back to 1930s. Through eight-year Chinas war resistance against Japan, Chinese people formed a united, patriotic and anti-imperialist national identity. Friedman (1995, p.6) claims that Maos communist-led peasant Red Army is regarded as a symbol of library, which unites Chinese people in a defensive order, even Confucius could not achieve such a strong influence in this period of time. After the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) in year of 1949, the Communist Party of China (CPC) takes Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory as the guidance of its actions (http://www.china.org.cn/english/Political/26151.htm). Moreover, most universities in China offer compulsory courses of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory which brings formidable influence on the building of Chinese young peoples national identity. As to the cultural identity of Chinese young people, it is believed that the heritage of Confucian culture takes the dominant position in Chinese society. Confucianism is one of Chinese traditional culture values, which is formed on the basis of colleting experience of the nations exploration and response to the challenge of its national and social environment (Zheng, Yongnian, 1999, p.73). Grown up and educated in such a society, young people form their cultural identity and obtain cultural group membership unconsciously. The culture consciousness is internalized by individuals and finally forms cultural identity (Brock and Tulasiewicz, 1985:4, cited in Parmenter). The obtaining and challenge of social identity among Chinese young people can be analyzed under the circumstance of globalization. Social identity is a much broader concept which can include cultural or ethnic membership identity (Ting-Toomey and Chung, 2005, p.101). The process of globalization is not only an exchange of merchandise, but also an interaction between western and eastern cultures. Some Chinese young people appreciate and accept western culture and values. In this sense, the in-group and out-group in social identity theory can be categorized as follows in this essay: Under the influence of western culture to Chinese traditional culture, those people who hold traditional cultural values of Chinese collective culture can be regarded as an in-group, and the out-group can be regarded as those Chinese young people who are westernized through the process of globalization. 2. Identity Crisis of Chinese Young People through the Process of Globalization and Efforts to reshape identity 2.1 Analysis of Identity Crisis among Chinese Young People The identity crisis towards Chinese young people under the circumstance of globalization can be mainly analyzed in two aspects, namely cultural identity crisis and social identity crisis. The cultural identity crisis is a crisis of Chinese traditional world view and cultural values, which produced in the process of western cultures and values invading into Chinese traditional culture values, while social identity crisis is stemmed from how individuals categorize themselves and others in terms of their belonging to groups (Tajfel, 1981), thus, in the circumstance of China, the follow essay will analyze how Chinese young people categorize themselves in terms of groups. But first, the essay will discuss the unique characteristic of Chinese young people under the influence of globalization and global culture. Those Chinese young people who are experiencing their adolescence year are a unique group in the formation of identity. Adolescence is a certain period of year between childhood and adulthood, which involves psychological revolution, uncertainty, curiosity towards the new trend, and the willingness to learn (Erikson, 1968, p.128). Those Chinese young people who were born after the Reform and Opening Up policy carried out in China have experienced a totally different growing environment from the generation of their parents. Under the influence of globalization, Chinese young people find themselves in a wave of technological, economic, and global cultural trend. It is the characteristic of adolescence determines that Chinese young people have a willingness to learn and accept the western values promoted by globalization as well as traditional values hold by Chinese collective culture. It seems likely that the intimacy of western values in the process of globalization leads to a vaguene ss of Chinese young peoples identity. It could be argued that the period of adolescence is also a period of operating the function of secondary socialization as to form a world view, which is a proceeding process of internalizing the primary concept of ideology. The secondary socialization deals with the already formed self and an already internalized word (Berger and Luckmann, 1966, p.160). In the context of China, traditional cultures and values hold by the society can be regarded as circumstance for Chinese young people to form primary socialization, while education offered by school and society contributes to the effort to form young peoples secondary socialization. Under the influence of globalization and invading of western values to Chinese society, the building of concept through second socialization of Chinese young people is receiving more outer influence and challenges, because of the values promoted by global culture and western values may contradict to their primary concept. Erikson (1968, p.162) claims that the egos function to integrate the relation of newly added identity element with those already in existence, but if the newly added identity elements is conflicted with the former one, there will be an identity crisis come into being. Globalization accelerates the communication around the world, although China is famous for its conservative culture, it is cannot be denied that Chinese traditional culture is affected by the western values. Chinese culture is built in the society of collectivistic values, in which the power of the group is emphasized (Hofstede, 1991, p.50). Chinese people think highly of the family tie and the values such as filial piety, which implies the proper relations of parents and children in Chinese traditional culture. Parents have absolute power in the family and should be respected and reverenced by children, children are taught that they are in duty bound to take care of their elder parents. However, nowadays it is reported that the empty-nest homes (where old couples live alone) make up 49.7% of households in urban areas (Seniors first, 2010), and 74% of young Chinese people feel incompetent to tend the old duo to various reasons (74% of young feel incompetent to tend the old, 2010). Chinese young people are in a danger of losing traditional values. It is widely believed that western values such as individualism and materialism introduce into Chinese culture and trigger a series of changes in Chinese society in the process of globalization. Chinese young people are facing the challenges of maintaining traditional values and internalizing traditional cultural consciousness while accessing to the global culture. Brock and Tulasiewicz (Parmenter, 1997, p.27) suggest that the cultural identity is a certain world view, constructed and developed by the individual in interaction with others. It is obvious that Chinese young peoples world view is challenged and different from the world view hold by traditional larger Chinese culture duo to the accessing of global culture. Therefore, the globalization and western values challenge Chinese young peoples cultural identity. Through the process of globalization, western festivals such as Christmas and Valentines Day become well known among Chinese young people. In contrast, some Chinese traditional festivals such as the Dragon Boat Festival, Pure Brightness Day, and Double Ninth Festival are forgotten and even ignored. There is a tendency for some of Chinese young people to take on western values and pursue self-esteem by behaving differently. According to Tajfel (1981, p.277), social identity understood as deriving in a comparative and relational manner from an individuals group memberships. It can be assumed that some Chinese young people regard some western values are better than Chinese traditional values through comparison. Thus, there is a crisis in the aspect of social identity among some Chinese young people to define their place in a social system. 2.2 Efforts to Reshape Chinese Young Peoples Identity It has been shown that the issue of identity crisis is raised from the influence of globalization on Chinese culture. The essay above has analyzed cultural identity crisis and social identity crisis among Chinese young people under the influence of western culture. This section will critically analyze the efforts to reshape Chinese young peoples identity mainly from the aspect of education, and focus on the curriculum of Chinese literature and history. It is widely believed that school is in the position of promoting the development of the identity (Parmenter, 1997, p.34), therefore, it is can be assumed that school also plays an important role in reshaping of identity. Chinese education is carried out under the guideline of Education Law of the Peoples Republic of China. The Law (1995) points out the aims of Chinas education, which is to improve the quality of the whole nation and construct socialist material and spiritual civilization in accordance with the Constitution (Article 1), meanwhile, the Law also indicates that education should be carried out under the guideline of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and the theories, moreover, education should also inherit and expand fine historical and cultural traditions as to achieve civilization progress of human beings. (Article 3, Article 7). Thus, it is can be seen that education in China has been politicized as to reinforce identity among students. Tate shows that language and history are two major curriculums that foster national and cultural identity (Parmenter, 1997, p.35). The Chinese literature curriculum is a course teaches students Chinese languages as well as Chinese traditional cultures and values, especially the Chinese Classic literature, in which contains Confucians classical works, such as The Four Books (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, and The Mencius) and the five classics. Confucianism is the core value rooted in Chinese traditional culture and formed cultural identity among Chinese people. As to the language teaching in Chinese literature curriculum, despite the language helps Chinese young people to shape a world view, it is seemed likely that language is a much weaker factor compared with Chinese traditional values hold by the Chinese literature in reshaping cultural identity. Besides, language is not a direct factor in building cultural identity (Parmenter, 1997, p.27 ). However, it is cannot denied that Chinese Literature curriculum plays an important role in reconstruction of Chinese young peoples identity. As to the aspect of history curriculum in Chinas education, the reason of giving a prior consideration of history has argued by Goodson (1998, p.153), history is considered as revive and refocus of national identity and ideology. In the efforts of reshaping identity among Chinese young people, history curriculum operates the same function as Goodson discussed. Although the focus of Chinese history curriculum changes slightly, from historical materialism to Chinese dynastic and cultural heritage, from socialist people to national people, from socialism to nationalism (Jones, 2005, p.95) The function of history remains to the role of transmission of state-authorized memories as to support ethnic, regional, or political identities in both Nationalist and Communist China (Jones, 2005, p.94). 2.3 New Problems rise from the reshaping of Chinese Young Peoples Identity under the circumstance of globalization One issue that should concern us is the national curriculum under the influence of globalization. In the process of reconstruction of Chinese young peoples identity through national curriculum, there may be a tendency of ignoring the influence brought by globalization to Chinas society. The globalization brings significant changes in the aspects of social and cultural life to Chinese young people in and outside school, however, the designers of curriculum seem to ignore the phenomena and continuously draw up exam-oriented curriculum which focuses on building students national and cultural identity within the nation (Mccarthy, C., Giardina, M. D., Harewood, S. J., Park, J., 2003, p.454). It is likely that the over-emphasizing of national and cultural identity in national curriculum will bring negative effect on the awareness of the diversity cultural values in the world. Encouraging an understanding and appreciation of other cultures is the concept promoted in the international education (Cambridge, J., Thompson, J., 2004, p.162). While, Blaney (cited in Walker, 2000, p.200) suggests that Education systems rooted mainly in national concerns and constrained by national ideologies cannot educate young people to live meaningfully in a world society which is global. In the circumstance of globalization, it could be suggested that popular culture should be added into education. The popular culture should be understood as crucial terrain of political and social contestation, negotiation, and resistance that makes up the ever-shifting boundaries and alliances of youth identity formation (Mccarthy, C., Giardina, M. D., Harewood, S. J., Park, J., 2003, p.463). This section mainly deals with the challenge of Chinese culture on the aspect of Chinese young peoples identity under the influence of Globalization. A framework is built through concepts of identity, the formation and crisis of Chinese young peoples identity. Then, identity crisis of Chinese young people is analyzed and the ways of reshaping identity is presented. At last, it is critically analyzed the problem in the process of reshaping Chinese young peoples identity.

Product Red Case Study Essay

Over the years, businesses have evolved to incorporate consumer views in their practices. As a result, consumer power has become an influential force that directs organizational strategies towards ethical practices. Based on the previously mentioned view, an evaluation of Product red’s strategy provides insight on its strengths, weaknesses, and improvements. Product Red Harvard Business School (2009) argues that numerous challenges face various nations. As a result, business organizations should utilize models that contribute to projects that reduce the scourge. Illustratively, the product red strategy inspired business organizations participate in the production and marketing of RED products with an aim of raising funds for AIDS in Africa. This innovative approach of engaging public and private entities in raising funds has enabled the global fund to fight diseases in Africa. Some of the diseases that the global fund targets include AIDs, tuberculosis, and malaria. According to Harvard Business School (2009), RED partners have managed to attract higher revenues since consumers associate the brands with ethical practices. Strategy Analysis Product red business has made significant gains in inspiring organizations to produce commodities whose revenues can be contributed to ethical activities. As a result, an evaluation of the model’s strengths and weaknesses reveals some improvements that should be made to enhance the model’s efficiency. Strengths of the RED Strategy Harrison (2005) argues that Product RED strategy increases the awareness of consumers and shareholders on the application of ethical practices in their organizations. As a result, consumers and shareholders utilize their influences to demand for social, political, and environmental  responsibility. Given the inadequacies in government policy and challenges in the allocation of funds, multinational organizations may place their emphasis on capitalistic goals thus introducing negative aspects to society. Illustratively, the Red strategy has the strength of inspiring partner organizations to protect and facilitate consumer rights. The above-mentioned strength has advanced the course of ethical consumerism thus enhancing social responsibility among entities. In contrast to the traditional charity model, the RED strategy portrays the company as an equal partner with its associates. The above-mentioned strength is confirmed by the increase in profit in organizations that have participated in RED’s activities (In Healey,2013).The innovative approach has encouraged partner organizations to devote their resources in the development of RED’s products, promote the concept of ethical practice in business and generating additional benefits that simultaneously benefit the needy in society. Additionally, the RED strategy enables organizations to produce ethical products at prices that match their non-ethical equivalents. The RED strategy has facilitated the production of cheap products thus reducing economic pressures on consumers. According to Harrison (2005), high prices associated with ethical commodities have been a hindrance to the adoption of ethical goods. Subsequently, the introduction of ethical commodities with prices equiva lent to that of non-ethical goods has enabled the RED strategy to attract the drifter and conventional groups of consumers In Healey (2013) contends that effective public relations are crucial in the adoption of ethical consumerism within a society. Subsequently, the RED strategy employs concepts of the public relations excellence-theory to develop a suitable communication loop between organizations and consumers. As a result, RED strategy develops a strength that is associated with enhanced co-orientation of messages between environmental, consumer and organizational systems. The above-mentioned strength enhances availability of information among consumers thus promoting ethical consumerism. Weaknesses of the RED Strategy The RED strategy has several strengths that have enhanced it adoption in several organizations. However, the strategy has weaknesses that limit its effectiveness hence an evaluation of each weak spot facilitates the development of suitable recommendations. Foremost, the RED strategy has the  weakness of not regulating organizations based on a set of sustainability standards and social wellness. As a result, RED company certifies organizations that participate in un-ethical practices. For instance, Red’s partner Foxconn received certification despite violating labor standards in its companies. These weaknesses have enabled unethical organizations to paint images of socially responsible entities thus covering their misdeeds. According to In Healey (2013), inadequate certification processes have led to â€Å"red washing† of entities. Secondly, lack of transparency in RED’s activities is a weakness that attracts numerous criticisms to the model. The aforementioned view is supported by market research findings that revealed mismatches between advertising investments and amounts raised for charity activities. Illustratively, market research reveals that RED company invested one hundred dollars in marketing and advertisement but generated eighteen million dollars for charity(In Healey, 2013).The lack of transparency attracts criticism on RED’s efficiency and credibility. This weakness may reduce RED’s influence in the long-run since its opponents hold the view that donating directly to the needy is more effective. Thirdly, the RED strategy has a sustainability related weakness due to the randomness and one-time purchase of RED products. Subsequently, the market based approach is af fected by lack of loyalty among consumers hence its ability to cater for ARV needs in Africa may be jeopardized. Improvements on the RED Strategy Several improvements can be made on product RED’s strategy to enhance its effectiveness. In the first case, Product Red should enhance its screening capabilities to ensure that its partners with organizations with good corporate-social responsibility histories. The aforementioned improvement will enable Product RED to enhance consumer trust thus enhancing sustainability it the company’s activities (Harvard Business School, 2009). In the second case, Product RED should enhance its access to financial reports from partner companies. Improved access to financial data will enhance transparency in associate companies since the right percentage is remitted to the global fund. In addition, Product RED should introduce channels that allow direct donations from individuals to affected individuals in Africa. This will increase revenues raised and reduce overhead costs associated with the transfer of funds (Harrison, 2005). In  the third instance, Product RED should collaborate companies that offer exceptional services on a daily basis. This will enable the entity to enhance consumer loyalty thus improving the sustainability RED projects. Additionally, Product RED should certify competitive and innovative partners to attract and retain consumers. This will promote sustainability the generation of funds. Conclusion Ethical consumerism has led to the introduction of innovative concepts in business organizations. One of the innovative models that was introduced by Product Red with an aim of supplementing government activities in the fight against AIDS is the MBS. The market-based system portrays strengths and weaknesses that determine the adoption of the model among business entities. Some of the weaknesses and strengths include reduction of the prices of ethical goods, increased corporate responsibility among entities, lack of transparency and inadequate screening of partner organizations. Conclusively, an evaluation of Product red’s strategy provides insight on its strengths, weaknesses, and improvements. Reference Harrison, R. (2005). The ethical consumer. London [u.a.: Sage. Harvard Business School. 2009. Product (Red) (A). HBS Case No. 9-509-013. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing In Healey, J. (2013). Ethical consumerism.

Prehistoric Art

Prehistoric man faced many challenges. For example, they had no means of communication and yet they had to work together to find and kill their own food. When making art, prehistoric man had to make their own paint brushes and create their paint. This makes prehistoric art so impressive because their paintings very accurately capture the proportions and look of the animals they drew. Prehistoric paintings are found in ceilings and high walls of caves which would have required resistor's man to make some sort of ladder to reach these areas.A last reason the art is so impressive is because they were able to symbolize important aspects of their life in artwork that still survives until today. 2. The images of people in prehistoric art are so unrealistic while animals are well observed because the animals were more important to them. In their lifestyle, animals served as a source of food and kept them alive; humans did not serve as something necessary to stay alive. Some theories formed to explain this are that resistor's man thought they would find the animal they drew, also known as sympathetic magic.It is also thought that prehistoric man believed a well drawn image of an animal would capture the soul of the animal. An example of the contrast between animal and man is shown in a pictograph depicting a group of men hunting a herd of deer. While the deer are perfectly detailed and proportioned, the hunters are stretched and seem boneless making them look extremely unrealistic. 3. The Venus of Wildflower is a small statue made from limestone in prehistoric times.Certain body parts, such as the breasts, stomach, thighs, and butt, are grotesquely exaggerated. She has no arms and no face. The Venus of Wildflower looks like this because those parts of the body would be necessary for survival in tough times. If they could not find food to hunt then they would need to have stored fat previously to use during the time of famine. Prehistoric man exaggerated the areas that he responded to. For example, seagull chicks respond to a yellow stick with one red stripe on because it looks like a seagull chicks mother's beak.When shown a yellow stick with three stripes on it they react more vigorously because the red stripe is necessary for survival for chicks. When the chicks hatch they respond to the red stripe and go to it to receive food. Without having this response the seagull chicks will die after hatching. Similarly, specific areas on the Venus are exaggerated because prehistoric man responded to the specific areas that would aid their fight for survival. For instance, the stomach and thighs are exaggerated because having fat

Gathering and Evaluating Week 2 Essays

Gathering and Evaluating Week 2 Essays Gathering and Evaluating Week 2 Essay Gathering and Evaluating Week 2 Essay Essay Topic: Maus Gathering and Evaluating Information Caitlyn Matthews COM 220 July 29, 2011 PATSY DOBBS Gathering and Evaluating Information Appendix D Strategies for Gathering Information Source(Formatted using APA style guidelines)| What makes the source credible or noncredible? | What information can you gather from this source? | Williams J. Krouse (February 3, 2011). Gun Control Legislation. Retrieved July 29, 2011, from http://ehis. ebscohost. com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? id=625de9cb-4578-470b-983a-f46f391be6cb%40sessionmgr10vid=3hid=1| This article would be considered credible, because this article was written by a person who not only speaks/ shows facts about gun control; but is a specialist in Domestic Security and Crime Policy through Congress Research Projects. | This article talks and explains, the laws about guns in the U. S, how many people were killed, how many guns are in the U. S and some past events such as Tucson, AZ 2011. Don. B. Kates Gary Mauser (March 1. 2007). Would Banning Firearms Reduce Murder and Suicide? A review of International and Some Domestic Evidence. Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p649-694, 46p. Retrieved on July 29, 2011, from http://ehis. ebscohost. com| I would say this is a creditable source as both authors have a background and/or a degree in some type of criminology. And because they show facts. This article discusses the fact that just because there are more guns in the world doesn’t mean that’s the reason more deaths are happening. They show proof of murder rates. And discuses why or why not making guns illegal would help reduce murder. | KWON, Ik-Whan G. Baack, Daniel w. (April 2005). The Effectiveness of Legislation Controlling Gun Usage: A Holistic Measure of Gun Control Legislation. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 64 Issue 2, 533p-47. Retrieved on July 29, 2011 from,

Mating choice and Lonely Hearts Columns Essays

Mating choice and Lonely Hearts Columns Essays Mating choice and Lonely Hearts Columns Paper Mating choice and Lonely Hearts Columns Paper Darwins evolutionary theory stated that all species picked partners who possessed certain characteristics which would offer their offspring a better chance of survival Survival of the fittest.I wanted to see whether both genders offered/requested certain characteristics more or less than the other.I visited a website orientated around dating (mate choices) and accumulated data based upon those who had posted their add on the site.The independent variable was the gender of the person, where as the dependant variable was the number of terms they used in relation to personal appearance, financial resources and age.The results acquired were categorised accordingly in a table, in which I found out that;; Women tended to seek stability in the form of financial resources more than men, where as men tended to offer it more than their female counterparts.; Males tended to seek those who possessed a high level of physical attractiveness more than females. Where as females tended to offer it m ore than males.; Age was a very complex factor with both cases, as those who were young sought those who were older and vice versa. But those who were middle aged tended to seek those who were of their age group.In present day its more of being able to live with someone who can make you happy and give you and your sprouts a good chance in life.TERMINOLOGYLonely-Hearts Column relating to people who are looking for companions or marriage partnersFinancial Resources money/wealthPersonal Appearance physical attributesQuota sampling before the sample is selected the population is divided into appropriate categories from which the sample is selected. Usually with an equal number in each category.Google large search engine on the webBACKGROUNDCharles Darwins theory of evolution presumes the development of life from non-life and stresses a purely naturalistic descent with modification. That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time. In a nutshell, as random genetic mutations occur within an organisms genetic code, the beneficial mutations are preserved because they aid survival a process known as natural selection. These beneficial mutations are passed on to the next generation.My hypotheses were based upon the Darwinian theory of Evolution (although many other people had thought of it before him.The purpose of this investigation was to test 3 hypotheses, which were orientated around the mate-choices of males and females, which were found in either Lonely Hearts Columns or on the Internet.There were various factors, which could have a profound effect on my results. The first was that of the location of the information in which I acquired my data from. The second was that of the age group and gender of those who either used a particular website or read a particular publication (newspapers, magazines), in which my data was going to be extrapolated.This investigation aimed to shine light upon whether males and females requested and offered similarly, differently, or equally in relation to mating-choices.HYPOTHESISThere were 3 hypotheses in which my investigation intended to explore. These were: Females request financial resources more than males, where as males offer it more than females. Females offer characteristics relating to Personal Appearance more than males, where as males tend to request it more than females. Females tend to request partners older than themselves, where as males tend to request partners younger than themselves.In relation to my hypotheses, my Null hypotheses were that: There will be no significant difference between the ways in which males and females present and request certain characteristics in regards to lonely-hearts columns.What I intended to measure specifically was the amount of terms relating to financial resources, personal appearance and age in which the two genders used (whilst requesting and offering).METHODThis was a research-based study, which consisted of obtainin g information on those who advertise themselves on the internet (www.dateclub.com).The population, from which my sample was drawn from, was simply all those who used dateclub.com to advertise themselves and search for partners.I used a Quota sampling method in order to obtain my sample, which consisted of 20 males and 20 females of all ages.In relation to allocation to conditions, I divided my sample into 2 (males and females) and then issued corresponding marks in relevant categories according to the number of terminologies used by my sample in relation to personal appearance, financial resources and age.I used Google on the Internet to find a site, which was widely used by both genders (ensuring that I had enough samples for my investigation) in order to sell themselves and also find a perfect match. Once one was found I went into 20 males and 20 female profiles and recorded their data. Which were immediately placed into my table.In order to maintain a high level of control, I mad e sure that all my data was acquired from the same site, on the same day and at the same time. All those who used the site had to be between 18 and 60. So the range of ages was also controlled.The independent variable was the gender of the person, where as the dependant variable was the number of terms they used in relation to personal appearance, financial resources and age.The reasons for my particular choice of methodology were that those who were in search of a mate would be either hard to find or very reluctant to be interviewed by myself. Due to the fact that many would find having to rely on an advertisement in order to find a partner embarrassing. Questionnaires also wouldnt work due to demand characteristics, so the only option which seemed viable, was that of undertaking my own personal research into lonely-hearts columns, which were very easy to find.Adds on the site are constantly added as well as removed, so being unable to know when this occurs, someone else carrying o ut this investigation may acquire results slightly different from that of my own, due to the currency of the data. So this factor could have an effect on the reliability of my data. Which also go for the ads found in newspapers.I chose to measure the data through the allocation of numbers (corresponding to number of terms used) into relevant cells in a table.During my investigation no ethical issues emerged. If there were going to be any it would be that of an invasion of privacy, but due to the fact that people post their traits on the site in order for others to view, the nature of my investigation is ethical.RESULTSTotalsGenderMalesFemalesTotal No of terms relating to Personal Appearance (sought)2617Total No of terms relating to Personal Appearance (offered)3353Total No of terms relating to Financial Resources (sought)38Total No of terms relating to Financial Resources (offered)205Average Difference between Lowest Age range requested and requesters age(31/9) = 3.4(52/17) = 3.1Ave rage Difference between Highest Age range requested and requesters age(37/9) = 4.1(45/17) = 2.6In relation to Personal Appearance, males ask for characteristics relating to it more than females. But on the other hand females offer it far more than males.In relation to Financial Resources, there wasnt a significant difference between the two genders when it came to being sought, although females predominated slightly. But when it came to offering, males did so 75% more than females.In relation to Age, there was hardly any difference with the average lowest age range requested by both genders. However with the average highest age range requested males tended to request much older partners than females.At a young age both genders tend to seek those who are physically appealing. But the older they become the more they tend to disregard personal appearance.Some people requested those who were within an age range, which was younger than theirs.the differences between the highest and lowes t age ranges requested and the requesters age had to be averaged out, due to the fact that a lot of people didnt request anyone within a certain age group. Therefore the table which had the most people requesting someone within a certain age range would most likely have a larger total than the other. So in order to make this a fair test and maintain a high level of control, I decided to average out the differences.(Total of all the differences divided by the number people who requested).As the age ranges seemed to cause the most problems when it came to totalling, it could be said that this is where my methodological flaw lay. As if I knew this would have happened then I would have used a stratified sample to select only those who wanted someone between a certain age range, but at the same time have equal amounts of each gender.The hypothesis, which was orientated around financial resources and personal appearance, conquered with my results. But that of age didnt, thus supporting my null hypothesis. I think this was because for both genders, those who were younger tended to seek those who were older and vice versa. Where as those who were in-between tended to seek those around their own age group, further proving that trends always change over timer.One issue that kept on emerging throughout was that of the results being correlation based rather than that of causality. As in if it was to be a correlation then for example females seeking financial resources more than males wouldnt seem plausible.References and Appendiceswww.darwins-theory-of-evolution.com

The Culture of the Israel People And Historical Back Ground of the Essay

The Culture of the Israel People And Historical Back Ground of the Socio-cultural Setting of the Value, Norms And Religious Belief of Israel People - Essay Example This essay stresses that major work of art orchestras, comprising the widely known and acclaimed Israel’s Philharmonic Orchestra, choirs, an opera company and number of chamber ensembles present all over the country. Expert dance groups, plus folk dance troupes, perform on a regular basis before excited spectators. The connection linking the country's past and present is validated through several recorded archeological spots, symbolizing thousands of years of history. This paper makes a conclusion that in the Middle East region little political change had taken place since last three decades. As a matter of fact the governments of the Middle East had shown an outstanding stability. Apart from Islamic revolution in Iran and a military takeover in Sudan in 1989, the region had been steady. Almost all heads of state had been ruling for long period. Iran, the only nation in the region underwent a revolution in the past 25 years, passed on the power to new leaders through elections. Assassinations in Egypt and Israel caused in new leaders but did not alter the basic political arrangement in those countries. It is clear the Western cultural had influence in the Middle East especially in Israel. The socio cultural setting of Israel has lot of diversities because of emigration of Jews from various countries. In conclusion one can say that the modern nation of Israel evolved as a result of facing constant struggles and challenges.

History 495 Jewish Humor in History topic Writer, Director, and Research Paper

History 495 Jewish Humor in History topic Writer, Director, and Comedian Woody Allen - Research Paper Example This paper is centered on Woody Allen’s works’ Jewishness aspect. The aim is to point at Allen’s Jewish background on his work. Additionally the paper examines Woody Allen’s characters’ link to Jewishness. One of the widely known artists of the twentieth century is Allen. He is a renowned Director, Script writer, appreciated playwright, short story writer and acelebrated clarinet player. All of his works are characteristic of his endeavors and his style can easily be identified in the context of his earlier childhood belief in Jewish religion and culture. Some of his work in literature and film are characteristic with bringing about humor and can easily be told apart from that of other artists for the reason that his characters highlight on love, belief in God, eccentricism, art significance of life and death. This fact is deeply rooted in him even though he tries to suppress it through atheist conducts. These characteristics of Allen in his work have been able to draw noteworthy recognition and attention from personalities who form his audience. Attributes from his work, plot, influences and modus operandi in concert with his comical side all depict in a way his Jewish faith upbringi ng. Many of the studies carried out on the film and literary work of Allen have all touched on all aspects of interest except the short stories which are on the other hand briefly mentioned1. The short stories however form an important part of Allen’s work and should not be set aside in research. Allen’s short stories range from philosophical, historiography, surreal, journalistic amongst others2. Even though these short story pieces cover a number of subjects, they all have shared themes which gyrate around life and the events of life, realization of death, religious conviction, love, ethics, and reflections of a man. In a scene from Annie Hall, alad is to be found with his mother in